Hong Kong and Macau are two special administrative regions in China. The official name of the region is Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. Hong Kong is situated in Eastern Asia. It shares its border with Guangdong province to the north and the South China Sea to the east, west and south. The region is located on the eastern side of the Pearl River Delta. Geographically Hong Kong is located at the point of 22 15 N, 114 10 E.
HISTORY:- The traces of Chinese stone-age cultures were found in cave-architecture. Han Chinese, the Sung Dynasty (960-1279) ruled Hong Kong until The British East India Company started trades in Hong Kong in 1699. Subsequently First Opium War (1839-42), Second Opium War (1856-58) and 99-year lease of the New Territories in 1898 broadened the Hong Kong terrority.After the World War II, Hong Kong Prospered highly. On 1st July, 1997, 150 years of British colonial rule over Hong Kong was ended. Hong Kong gained complete autonomy in all sectors except foreign and defense affairs.
GEOGRAPHY:-Hong Kong is spanned through total 1,092 sq km area in which land is spanned through 1,042 sq km and water is spanned through 50 sq km. The region comprises about 200 islands. It is six times bigger than Washington DC. The coastline is 733 km long along with the South China Sea. Hong Kong is mountainous with complex slopes. The northern part consists of lowlands. The lowest point of Hong Kong is South China Sea (0 m) and the highest point is Tai Mo Shan (958 m). Typhoons occasionally cause damage to the land.
CLIMATE:- The climate of Hong Kong is dominated by subtropical monsoon, with cool and humid winters, and hot and rainy springs and summers, and warm and sunny falls.
GOVERNMENT:- Hong Kong is a special administrative region (SAR) of China. It has its own mini-constitution, known as the basic law, which has been adopted in 1990 by China's National People's Congress. It is a limited democratic region. The administration is divided into three branches:
1. Executive branch consists of the chief of state (President of China), head of government (Chief Executive), and cabinet (Executive Council comprises 15 official members and 16 non-official members).
2. Legislative branch consists of the unicameral Legislative Council (60 seats)
3. Judicial branch consists of the Court of Final Appeal in the Hong Kong, and other courts.
1. Executive branch consists of the chief of state (President of China), head of government (Chief Executive), and cabinet (Executive Council comprises 15 official members and 16 non-official members).
2. Legislative branch consists of the unicameral Legislative Council (60 seats)
3. Judicial branch consists of the Court of Final Appeal in the Hong Kong, and other courts.
Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood, Citizens Party, Civic Party, DAB, Democratic Party, Frontier Party, League of Social Democrats , Liberal Party are some of the most prominent political parties in Hong Kong. Voting rights are universal above 18 for all permanent citizens and citizens living legally in Hong Kong for seven years.
President of China Hu Jintao
Chief Executive Donald Tsang
Chief Secretary for Administration Henry Tang
Financial Secretary John Tsang
Secretary for Justice Wong Yan Lung, SC
Secretary for Education Michael Suen
Secretary for Commerce and Economic Development Frederick Ma
Secretary for Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Stephen Lam
Secretary for Security Ambrose Lee
Secretary for Food and Health York Chow
Secretary for the Civil Service Denise Yue
Secretary for Home Affairs Tsang Tak-sing
Secretary for Labour and Welfare Matthew Cheung
Secretary for Financial Services and the Treasury K C Chan
Secretary for Development Carrie Lam
Secretary for the Environment Edward Yau
Secretary for Transport and Housing Eva Cheng
Chief Executive Donald Tsang
Chief Secretary for Administration Henry Tang
Financial Secretary John Tsang
Secretary for Justice Wong Yan Lung, SC
Secretary for Education Michael Suen
Secretary for Commerce and Economic Development Frederick Ma
Secretary for Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Stephen Lam
Secretary for Security Ambrose Lee
Secretary for Food and Health York Chow
Secretary for the Civil Service Denise Yue
Secretary for Home Affairs Tsang Tak-sing
Secretary for Labour and Welfare Matthew Cheung
Secretary for Financial Services and the Treasury K C Chan
Secretary for Development Carrie Lam
Secretary for the Environment Edward Yau
Secretary for Transport and Housing Eva Cheng
DISTRICT:- Hong Kong is formed of Hong Kong, Kowloon, New Territories. Geographically Hong Kong is divided into 18 districts to ease administration:
Central and Western district (Hong Kong)
Eastern district (Hong Kong)
Southern district (Hong Kong)
Wan Chai district (Hong Kong)
Eastern district (Hong Kong)
Southern district (Hong Kong)
Wan Chai district (Hong Kong)
Kowloon City (Kowloon)
Kwun Tong district (Kowloon)
Shui Po district (Kowloon)
Wong Tai Sin district (Kowloon)
Yau Tsim Mong district (Kowloon)
Tai Po district (New Territory)
Tsuen Wan district (New Territory)
Tuen Mun district (New Territory)
Yuen Long district (New Territory)
Sai Kung district (New Territory)
Sha Tin district (New Territory)
Islands district (New Territory)
North district (New Territory)
Kwai Tsing district (New Territory)
Kwun Tong district (Kowloon)
Shui Po district (Kowloon)
Wong Tai Sin district (Kowloon)
Yau Tsim Mong district (Kowloon)
Tai Po district (New Territory)
Tsuen Wan district (New Territory)
Tuen Mun district (New Territory)
Yuen Long district (New Territory)
Sai Kung district (New Territory)
Sha Tin district (New Territory)
Islands district (New Territory)
North district (New Territory)
Kwai Tsing district (New Territory)
ECONOMY:-Hong Kong supports free market economy, which entirely depends on international trade. It is an open and dynamic economy. Hong Kong has economic advantages like accumulation of public and private wealth, an advanced banking system, no public debt, a strong legal system, a rigid and strong anti-corruption regime and highly developed technologies.
Hong Kong is an active member of the WTO and the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum.
GDP - real growth rate:5.8% (2007 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP)$42,000 (2007 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
Agriculture: 0.1%
Industry: 8.1%
Services: 91.8% (2007 est.)
Agriculture: 0.1%
Industry: 8.1%
Services: 91.8% (2007 est.)
Labor force: 3.64 million (2007 est.)
Labor force -manufacturing 6.5%construction 2.1%, wholesale and retail trade, restaurants, and hotels 43.3%, financing, insurance, and real estate 20.7%, transport and communications 7.8%, community and social services 19.5%
Unemployment rate:4.2% (2007 est.)
Distribution of family income - Gini index: 53.3 (2007)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):2% (2007 est.)
Investment (gross fixed):22% of GDP (2007 est.)
Budget:
Revenues: $36.9 billion
Expenditures: $29.4 billion (FY07-08 est.)
Revenues: $36.9 billion
Expenditures: $29.4 billion (FY07-08 est.)
Public debt:8.9% of GDP (2007 est.)
Agriculture -fresh vegetables, poultry, pork, fish
Industries-textiles, clothing, tourism, banking, shipping, electronics, plastics, toys, watches, clocks
Industrial production growth rate:-0.9% (2007 est.)
Currency : Hong Kong dollar (HKD)
Currency : Hong Kong dollar (HKD)
POPULATION:-Total population is 6.92 million with a growth rate of 0.6%.
HEALTH:- Hong Kong is the first country to carry out liver transplant successfully in 1993.
Birth rate:7.37 births/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Death rate:6.6 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Infant mortality rate: Total 2.93 deaths/1,000 live births
HIV/AIDS - deaths: less than 200 (2003 est.)
Birth rate:7.37 births/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Death rate:6.6 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Infant mortality rate: Total 2.93 deaths/1,000 live births
HIV/AIDS - deaths: less than 200 (2003 est.)
CULTURE:-Hong Kong is described as a mingling place of East and West in all spheres, be it rituals, economy, education or culture. Honk Kong film industry has popularized martial arts genre. Some notable actors are Bruce Lee, Chow Yun-Fat, and Jackie Chan. Hong Kong city has 7,681 skyscrapers, which is highest in number in the world.
RACE:-
Chinese 95%
Other 5%
Chinese 95%
Other 5%
RELIGION:-
Mixture of local religions (Buddhism, Taoism) 90%
Christian 10%
Mixture of local religions (Buddhism, Taoism) 90%
Christian 10%
LANGUAGES:-The official languages are Chinese (89.2%), and English (3.2%). Apart from these other Chinese dialects are spoken by 6.4%, while 1.2% speaks in other languages.
TRANSPORTATION:-
Airports:2 (2007)
Heliports: 5 (2007)
Roadways: total: 2,009 km ; paved: 2,009 km (2007)
Port: Hong Kong
Airports:2 (2007)
Heliports: 5 (2007)
Roadways: total: 2,009 km ; paved: 2,009 km (2007)
Port: Hong Kong
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